MDCAT Cell Division — Mitosis & Meiosis 2026

Cell Cycle

G₁ → S (DNA synthesis) → G₂ → M (mitosis). G₀ = resting/quiescent phase.

Mitosis Stages

• Prophase — chromatin condenses; nuclear envelope dissolves
• Metaphase — chromosomes align at metaphase plate
• Anaphase — sister chromatids separate to poles
• Telophase — nuclear envelope reforms; cytokinesis begins

Meiosis Key Differences

• Two divisions (Meiosis I & II); 4 haploid daughter cells
• Crossing over occurs in Prophase I (chiasmata formation)
• Independent assortment in Metaphase I
• Generates genetic variation