Sindh Zoology 2018 — Solved MCQs

Question 1

Stone from the kidney & urethra is removed by:

Accepted Answer

D. Lithotripsy — Lithotripsy is a procedure used to break up kidney stones into smaller pieces so they can pass more easily through the urinary tract. It's commonly used for larger kidney stones. There are different types of lithotripsy, including shock wave lithotripsy (using shock waves to break up the stones) and laser lithotripsy (using a laser to break up the stones).

Question 2

Joints move freely with reduced friction due to:

Accepted Answer

C. Synovial fluid — This is the correct answer. Synovial fluid is found in joint cavities, where it lubricates the joints, reducing friction and allowing for smooth movement.

Question 3

Parthenogenesis is a type of reproduction which requires:

Accepted Answer

A. One gamete — Parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction where an egg develops into an embryo without fertilization by a sperm. It involves only one gamete. Essentially, it's when an organism, typically female, can produce offspring from unfertilized eggs. It's seen in some insects, reptiles, and even fish.

Question 4

Each primary Ooctye ultimately develops into:

Accepted Answer

A. One ovum — Each primary oocyte ultimately develops into one ovum, not multiple ova. The process starts during fetal development in females, where primary oocytes undergo meiosis I to form secondary oocytes, which then proceed to meiosis II. However, only one mature ovum is produced from each primary oocyte, along with polar bodies that do not develop into ova.

Question 5

This part of the brain connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres:

Accepted Answer

B. Corpus Callosum — This is the correct answer. The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres, allowing them to communicate and share information.

Question 6

Myelin sheath is formed by:

Accepted Answer

C. Neuroglia — Neuroglia, also known as glial cells, are the cells of the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons. Certain types of neuroglia, specifically oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), form the myelin sheath around axons. Myelin sheaths insulate and increase the speed of electrical impulse conduction along the axons.

Question 7

The egg of chick aid at this stage:

Accepted Answer

B. Blastula — The morula undergoes further cell division and rearrangement, eventually forming a hollow ball of cells called a blastula. The blastula has a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel, surrounded by a single layer of cells known as the blastoderm. The blastula marks the early stage of embryonic development where cellular differentiation begins to occur.

Question 8

The embryological abnormality of R.B.Cs and haemoglobin causes this disease:

Accepted Answer

B. Sickle Cell anaemia — This disease is caused by a genetic mutation affecting hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Individuals with sickle cell anemia have abnormal hemoglobin molecules, causing their red blood cells to become stiff and sickle-shaped, leading to various complications.

Question 9

The non-coding part of genes is:

Accepted Answer

C. Intron — An intron is a non-coding region of a gene that intervenes between exons. During gene expression, introns are transcribed into RNA but are removed during RNA processing (splicing) and do not contribute to protein synthesis.

Question 10

This is the diagram of:

Accepted Answer

A. Skeletal muscle — This is the diagram of the skeletal muscle.

Question 11

This gas is responsible for Global warming:

Accepted Answer

B. Carbon dioxide — Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are rising as a result of various human activities, such as the use of fossil fuels in automobiles and industrial processes. Carbon dioxide absorbs high-energy radiation, causing the atmospheric temperature to rise. This temperature increase is referred to as global warming.

Question 12

This enzyme acts as scissors in recombinant DNA technology:

Accepted Answer

D. Restriction enzyme — These enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, act as "molecular scissors" by cleaving DNA at specific recognition sequences. They are widely used in recombinant DNA technology to cut DNA at precise locations, facilitating the manipulation of DNA sequences for cloning, gene editing, and other applications.

Question 13

The most abundant component of urine is:

Accepted Answer

B. Water — Water is the most abundant component of urine by volume. It serves as a solvent for the various solutes, including urea, electrolytes, and other waste products, allowing them to be excreted from the body.

Question 14

Microcephaly is caused due to:

Accepted Answer

B. Genetic disorder — Microcephaly is a condition where a baby's head is smaller than expected, often due to abnormal brain development. It can be caused by various genetic factors, including infections during pregnancy such as Zika (rubella) virus. It can lead to developmental delays and cognitive impairment. Early intervention and support are crucial for managing the condition.

Question 15

Night blindness is caused due to the deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

C. Vitamin A — Night blindness is primarily caused by a deficiency of Vitamin A. This essential nutrient is crucial for the functioning of the retina, particularly the cells responsible for vision in low light conditions. Without enough Vitamin A, the retina struggles to properly adjust to darkness, leading to impaired night vision.

Question 16

A clone exactly resembles its:

Accepted Answer

C. Diploid nuclear donor — This is the correct option. The clone exactly resembles its diploid nuclear donor in terms of nuclear DNA, which carries the majority of genetic information. However, mitochondrial DNA, which is inherited from the mother, may contribute to certain traits.

Question 17

This vestigial organ is not found in man:

Accepted Answer

C. Eyelid — Human vestigial organs are those organs that have lost all or most of their original functions through evolution There are about 90 such structures present in our body (1) Vermiform appendix is a vestige of the cecum. Coccyx or tailbone is the remnant of a lost tall (3) The wisdom teeth are vestigial third molars that human ancestors used to help in grinding down plant tissue (4) Humans have ear muscles that are minimally developed and non-functional, but some people are able to move their ears in various directions.

Question 18

Lamarck's theory is based on the following assumptions except the:

Accepted Answer

C. Natural selection — Contrary to popular belief, Lamarck did not propose natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. This concept was later introduced by Charles Darwin. Natural selection involves the differential survival and reproduction of organisms due to differences in traits, leading to the gradual adaptation of populations to their environment.

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