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Kpk Biology 2017 — Solved Past Paper with Answers
All 17 MCQs from Kpk Biology 2017, solved with the correct answer highlighted and a full explanation for every question. This is a free MDCAT KPK / ETEA past paper — no signup, no ads. Practise it interactively in timed mode, drill more with free MDCAT MCQs, or browse all KPK / ETEA papers.
Attempt this paper interactively →Q1. Pituitary gland is located in the
- A. Lungs
- B. Liver
- C. Kidney
- D. Brain✓
Explanation: The pituitary is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose. Your pituitary acts as your body's 'master gland'.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The pituitary is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose. Your pituitary acts as your body's 'master gland'.
- B. The pituitary is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose. Your pituitary acts as your body's 'master gland'.
- C. The pituitary is a small, pea-sized gland. It is found at the base of your brain, in line with the top of your nose. Your pituitary acts as your body's 'master gland'.
Q2. The mammalian forebrain is differentiated in to thalamus, limbic system and
- A. Cerebrum✓
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Pons
- D. Medulla oblongata
Explanation: At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus) and the telencephalon which develops into the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of the cerebral cortex, underlying white matter, and the basal ganglia.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus) and the telencephalon which develops into the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of the cerebral cortex, underlying white matter, and the basal ganglia.
- C. At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus) and the telencephalon which develops into the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of the cerebral cortex, underlying white matter, and the basal ganglia.
- D. At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus) and the telencephalon which develops into the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of the cerebral cortex, underlying white matter, and the basal ganglia.
Q3. Chemoreceptors are found in
- A. Ear
- B. Skin
- C. Stomach
- D. Tongue✓
Explanation: Chemoreceptors are located in the sensory organs. They include taste buds, located on the tongue, and are found in the olfactory bulb in the nose. Together, they are responsible for the sense of taste and smell.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Chemoreceptors are located in the sensory organs. They include taste buds, located on the tongue, and are found in the olfactory bulb in the nose. Together, they are responsible for the sense of taste and smell.
- B. Chemoreceptors are located in the sensory organs. They include taste buds, located on the tongue, and are found in the olfactory bulb in the nose. Together, they are responsible for the sense of taste and smell.
- C. Chemoreceptors are located in the sensory organs. They include taste buds, located on the tongue, and are found in the olfactory bulb in the nose. Together, they are responsible for the sense of taste and smell.
Q4. Hamburger phenomenon is also called
- A. K - shift
- B. Chloride Shift✓
- C. Sodium Shift
- D. CO2 Shift
Explanation: Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger shift or Hamburger phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3−) and chloride (Cl−) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger shift or Hamburger phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3−) and chloride (Cl−) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).
- C. Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger shift or Hamburger phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3−) and chloride (Cl−) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).
- D. Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger shift or Hamburger phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3−) and chloride (Cl−) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).
Q5. Biological fixation of nitrogen occurred through.
- A. Virus
- B. Bacteria✓
- C. Algae
- D. None of these
Explanation: Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a biochemical process in which atmospheric N2 is converted into ammonia by certain bacteria (diazotrophs) possessing nitrogenase enzyme. A variety of “free-living”, “associative”, or “symbiotic” diazotrophs conduct nitrogen fixation.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a biochemical process in which atmospheric N2 is converted into ammonia by certain bacteria (diazotrophs) possessing nitrogenase enzyme. A variety of “free-living”, “associative”, or “symbiotic” diazotrophs conduct nitrogen fixation.
- C. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a biochemical process in which atmospheric N2 is converted into ammonia by certain bacteria (diazotrophs) possessing nitrogenase enzyme. A variety of “free-living”, “associative”, or “symbiotic” diazotrophs conduct nitrogen fixation.
- D. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a biochemical process in which atmospheric N2 is converted into ammonia by certain bacteria (diazotrophs) possessing nitrogenase enzyme. A variety of “free-living”, “associative”, or “symbiotic” diazotrophs conduct nitrogen fixation.
Q6. The process during which potassium and hydrogen ions and some toxic substances are put into urine is called.
- A. Countercurrent multiplication
- B. None of these
- C. Reabsorption
- D. Tubular Secretion✓
Explanation: At the same time, waste ions and hydrogen ions pass from the capillaries into the renal tubule. This process is called secretion. The secreted ions combine with the remaining filtrate and become urine.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Countercurrent multiplication in the kidneys is the process of using energy to generate an osmotic gradient that enables you to reabsorb water from the tubular fluid and produce concentrated urine.
- B. This is incorrect.
- C. Reabsorption. Reabsorption is the movement of water and solutes from the tubule back into the plasma. Reabsorption of water and specific solutes occurs to varying degrees over the entire length of the renal tubule. Bulk reabsorption, which is not under hormonal control, occurs largely in the proximal tubule.
Q7. In Skeletal muscle calcium facilitates contraction by binding to
- A. Myosin
- B. Troponin✓
- C. Aclin
- D. Tropomyosin
Explanation: Calcium ions bind troponin causing the displacement of tropomyosin, allowing the myosin head to bind actin.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Calcium ions bind troponin causing the displacement of tropomyosin, allowing the myosin head to bind actin.
- C. Calcium ions bind troponin causing the displacement of tropomyosin, allowing the myosin head to bind actin.
- D. Calcium ions bind troponin causing the displacement of tropomyosin, allowing the myosin head to bind actin.
Q8. Increased amount of uric acid in blood is called.
- A. Hyperaemia
- B. Hyperuricemia✓
- C. Hyperoxaluria
- D. All of these
Explanation: A high level of uric acid in the blood is called hyperuricemia. This test checks to see how much uric acid you have in your blood. Another test that can be used to check the level of uric acid is a test of your urine.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Hyperaemia is a broad medical term that describes the movement of blood into a tissue. The increased amount of blood causes swelling or congestion. Hyperaemia can have a variety of causes and reactions.
- C. Hyperoxaluria is a state of disordered metabolism characterized by an increased urinary excretion of oxalate. The normal daily oxalate excretion in healthy individuals ranges between 10-40 mg per 24 h. Concentrations exceeding 40-45 mg per 24 h are considered as clinical hyperoxaluria
- D. This is incorrect.
Q9. Which one is an example of negative feedback?
- A. Blood Glucose✓
- B. Baby birth
- C. Blood clotting
- D. None of these
Explanation: The glucose regulatory system is a classic negative feedback system (Fig. 5–8) maintaining glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentration increases after a perturbation, for example, a meal, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or an intravenous infusion of glucose, the pancreas beta-cells secrete more insulin.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. The glucose regulatory system is a classic negative feedback system (Fig. 5–8) maintaining glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentration increases after a perturbation, for example, a meal, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or an intravenous infusion of glucose, the pancreas beta-cells secrete more insulin.
- C. The glucose regulatory system is a classic negative feedback system (Fig. 5–8) maintaining glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentration increases after a perturbation, for example, a meal, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or an intravenous infusion of glucose, the pancreas beta-cells secrete more insulin.
- D. The glucose regulatory system is a classic negative feedback system (Fig. 5–8) maintaining glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentration increases after a perturbation, for example, a meal, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or an intravenous infusion of glucose, the pancreas beta-cells secrete more insulin.
Q10. The process of emptying the bladder is called.
- A. None of these
- B. Micturition✓
- C. Defecation
- D. Sensation
Explanation: Micturition or urination is the process of emptying urine from the storage organ, namely, the urinary bladder. The detrusor is the smooth or involuntary muscle of the bladder wall.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Micturition or urination is the process of emptying urine from the storage organ, namely, the urinary bladder. The detrusor is the smooth or involuntary muscle of the bladder wall.
- C. Defecation follows digestion, and is a necessary process by which organisms eliminate a solid, semisolid, or liquid waste material known as feces from the digestive tract via the anus or cloaca.
- D. Sensation, in neurology and psychology, any concrete, conscious experience resulting from stimulation of a specific sense organ, sensory nerve, or sensory area in the brain.
Q11. Thyroxin is also called.
- A. T3
- B. T4✓
- C. T1
- D. T2
Explanation: Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone. A T4 test measures the level of T4 in your blood. Too much or too little T4 can be a sign of thyroid disease.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone. A T4 test measures the level of T4 in your blood. Too much or too little T4 can be a sign of thyroid disease.
- C. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone. A T4 test measures the level of T4 in your blood. Too much or too little T4 can be a sign of thyroid disease.
- D. Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a type of thyroid hormone. A T4 test measures the level of T4 in your blood. Too much or too little T4 can be a sign of thyroid disease.
Q12. The residual volume is equal to.
- A. 1L
- B. 2.5L
- C. 1.5L✓
- D. 5L
Explanation: Of this, 1.5 L, the residual volume, remains at the end of forced expiration. The volume of gas, 3.5 L, that can be inhaled from forced expiration to forced inspiration is the vital capacity. The normal tidal volume (500 mL) is a small proportion of the maximum 3.5 L that is possible.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Of this, 1.5 L, the residual volume, remains at the end of forced expiration. The volume of gas, 3.5 L, that can be inhaled from forced expiration to forced inspiration is the vital capacity. The normal tidal volume (500 mL) is a small proportion of the maximum 3.5 L that is possible.
- B. Of this, 1.5 L, the residual volume, remains at the end of forced expiration. The volume of gas, 3.5 L, that can be inhaled from forced expiration to forced inspiration is the vital capacity. The normal tidal volume (500 mL) is a small proportion of the maximum 3.5 L that is possible.
- D. Of this, 1.5 L, the residual volume, remains at the end of forced expiration. The volume of gas, 3.5 L, that can be inhaled from forced expiration to forced inspiration is the vital capacity. The normal tidal volume (500 mL) is a small proportion of the maximum 3.5 L that is possible.
Q13. All papillae contain taste buds except.
- A. Fidom
- B. Filliform✓
- C. Foliate
- D. Circumnutate
Explanation: There are four types of papillae: Circumvallate, fungiform, foliate and filiform. Taste buds are present on all of these, except filiform papillae.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. There are four types of papillae: Circumvallate, fungiform, foliate and filiform. Taste buds are present on all of these, except filiform papillae.
- C. There are four types of papillae: Circumvallate, fungiform, foliate and filiform. Taste buds are present on all of these, except filiform papillae.
- D. There are four types of papillae: Circumvallate, fungiform, foliate and filiform. Taste buds are present on all of these, except filiform papillae.
Q14. Three layers of embryo are formed by the process of......
- A. Neurulation
- B. Gastrulation✓
- C. Implantation
- D. None of these
Explanation: Gastrulation is an early developmental process in which an embryo transforms from a one-dimensional layer of epithelial cells, a blastula, and reorganizes into a multilayered and multidimensional structure called the gastrula.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Neurulation is the critical morphogenetic event occurring during the fourth week of human gestation, converting the previously developed neural plate into the ectoderm covered neural tube that will eventually differentiate into the brain and spinal cord.
- C. Implantation is defined as the process by which the embryo attaches to the endometrial surface of the uterus and invades the epithelium and then the maternal circulation to form the placenta.
- D. This is incorrect.
Q15. The corpus luteum is formed at the site of.....
- A. Menstruation
- B. Implantation
- C. Fertilization
- D. Ovulation✓
Explanation: Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
- B. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
- C. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
Q16. Human lungs are spongy due to the presence of millions of.....
- A. Trachea
- B. Bronchioles
- C. Alveoli✓
- D. Bronchi
Explanation: There are 300 million alveoli in the lungs, and these give approximately 140m surface area for the exchange of gases. The alveoli are responsible for the spongy nature of the lung.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. There are 300 million alveoli in the lungs, and these give approximately 140m surface area for the exchange of gases. The alveoli are responsible for the spongy nature of the lung.
- B. There are 300 million alveoli in the lungs, and these give approximately 140m surface area for the exchange of gases. The alveoli are responsible for the spongy nature of the lung.
- D. There are 300 million alveoli in the lungs, and these give approximately 140m surface area for the exchange of gases. The alveoli are responsible for the spongy nature of the lung.
Q17. Trial and error learning has role in.......
- A. Imprinting
- B. Insight
- C. Classical conditioning
- D. Operant Learning✓
Explanation: Trial and error learning plays a role in operant conditioning but not in classical conditioning, imprinting, or insight learning.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Trial and error learning plays a role in operant conditioning but not in classical conditioning, imprinting, or insight learning.
- B. Trial and error learning plays a role in operant conditioning but not in classical conditioning, imprinting, or insight learning.
- C. Trial and error learning plays a role in operant conditioning but not in classical conditioning, imprinting, or insight learning.
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