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Kpk Biology 2023 — Solved Past Paper with Answers
All 18 MCQs from Kpk Biology 2023, solved with the correct answer highlighted and a full explanation for every question. This is a free MDCAT KPK / ETEA past paper — no signup, no ads. Practise it interactively in timed mode, drill more with free MDCAT MCQs, or browse all KPK / ETEA papers.
Attempt this paper interactively →Q1. Select the start codon of the given.
- A. AUA
- B. AUG✓
- C. AUU
- D. AAA
Explanation: The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes.
- C. The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes.
- D. The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes.
Q2. Endosymbiosis hypothesis explains the origin of _.
- A. Fish
- B. Bird
- C. Prokaryotes✓
- D. Eukaryotes
Explanation: The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.
- B. The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.
- D. The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not linear.
Q3. The rate at which the new individuals are added to a population in a unite time is _.
- A. Density
- B. Natility✓
- C. Mortality
- D. Dispersion
Explanation: Natality or birth rate is the rate at which new individuals are added to a population by reproduction. Death rate or mortality is the rate at which individuals are lost by death.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Population density is the concentration of individuals within a species in a specific geographic locale. Population density data can be used to quantify demographic information and to assess relationships with ecosystems, human health, and infrastructure.
- C. Mortality is another term for death. A mortality rate is the number of deaths due to a disease divided by the total population. If there are 25 lung cancer deaths in one year in a population of 30,000, then the mortality rate for that population is 83 per 100,000.
- D. Population dispersion is the pattern in which organisms in the population live in relation to each other. It is important to note that a population is made up of organisms of the same species in the same area and that dispersion patterns relate to a single species at a time.
Q4. Multiple cloning sites in a vector give flexibility in the choice of _.
- A. Resistant gene
- B. Desired sequence
- C. Restriction enzymes✓
- D. Primers
Explanation: Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
- B. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. Therefore, in order to link the alien DNA (or foreign DNA), the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition/cloning sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes.
- D. A primer is a short nucleic acid sequence that provides a starting point for DNA synthesis. In living organisms, primers are short strands of RNA. A primer must be synthesized by an enzyme called primase, which is a type of RNA polymerase, before DNA replication can occur.
Q5. Most common breed of buffalo in Pakistan is _.
- A. Dajal
- B. Dhani
- C. Nili Ravi✓
- D. Sahiwal
Explanation: Nili-Ravi and Kundhi are the main breeds with 10.4 and 6.7 million heads, respectively. Population of non-descript buffaloes (animals that can not be ascribed to any breed) is 10.13 millions (37%) in the country.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Nili-Ravi and Kundhi are the main breeds with 10.4 and 6.7 million heads, respectively. Population of non-descript buffaloes (animals that can not be ascribed to any breed) is 10.13 millions (37%) in the country.
- B. Nili-Ravi and Kundhi are the main breeds with 10.4 and 6.7 million heads, respectively. Population of non-descript buffaloes (animals that can not be ascribed to any breed) is 10.13 millions (37%) in the country.
- D. Nili-Ravi and Kundhi are the main breeds with 10.4 and 6.7 million heads, respectively. Population of non-descript buffaloes (animals that can not be ascribed to any breed) is 10.13 millions (37%) in the country.
Q6. The hormone that induces labor and controls labor via a positive feedback mechanism is _.
- A. Oxytocin✓
- B. Estrogen
- C. ADH
- D. Progesterone
Explanation: The release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland during labor is an example of positive feedback mechanism. Oxytocin stimulates the muscle contractions that push the baby through the birth canal. The release of oxytocin result in stronger or augmented contractions during labor.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. In addition to regulating the menstrual cycle, estrogen affects the reproductive tract, the urinary tract, the heart and blood vessels, bones, breasts, skin, hair, mucous membranes, pelvic muscles, and the brain.
- C. A hormone that helps blood vessels constrict and helps the kidneys control the amount of water and salt in the body. This helps control blood pressure and the amount of urine that is made. Antidiuretic hormone is made by a part of the brain called the hypothalamus and is secreted into the blood by the pituitary gland.
- D. The main function of progesterone is to prepare the endometrium (lining of your uterus) for a fertilized egg to implant and grow. If a pregnancy doesn't occur, the endometrium sheds during your menstrual period. If conception occurs, progesterone increases to support the pregnancy.
Q7. Diamorphin is the chemical name of _.
- A. Alcohol
- B. Cannabis
- C. Nicotine
- D. Heroin✓
Explanation: Diamorphine (heroin) is a narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Diamorphine (heroin) is a narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative
- B. Marijuana or marihuana (herbal cannabis) consists of the dried flowers and fruits and subtending leaves and stems of the female cannabis plant. This is the most widely consumed form, containing 3% to 20% THC, with reports of up to 33% THC. This is the stock material from which all other preparations are derived.
- C. Nicotine is a stimulant drug that speeds up the messages travelling between the brain and body. It is the main psychoactive ingredient in tobacco products and so this Drug Facts page will focus on the effects of nicotine when consumed by using tobacco.
Q8. Positive feedback enables _.
- A. Child birth✓
- B. Bone thickening
- C. Goiter formation
- D. Dwarfism
Explanation: The release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland during labor is an example of positive feedback mechanism. Oxytocin stimulates the muscle contractions that push the baby through the birth canal. The release of oxytocin result in stronger or augmented contractions during labor.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. Bone remodeling and homeostasis are regulated by a negative feedback loop. The stimulus is any change in bone density or mechanical stress. The sensor is the osteocytes, and the control center is the parathyroid gland.
- C. This signal is called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). As the name implies, this hormone stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormone and to grow in size. This abnormal growth in size produces what is termed a “goiter.” Thus, iodine deficiency is one cause of goiter development.
- D. Dwarfism is a disorder characterised by shorter than normal skeletal growth. It can be genetic. Over 100 different conditions can cause dwarfism. Achondroplasia is a common form of short-limbed dwarfism. Most children born with achondroplasia have average-sized parents.
Q9. Thigmonastic movement occurs in response to_
- A. Gravity
- B. Touch✓
- C. Chemicals
- D. Light
Explanation: The phenomenon of changing position in response to external stimuli such as light or touch is known as thigmonastic movement. Thigmonastic movement is shown by some plants and fungi in response to touch. Thigmonastic movement is nastic movement and non - directional.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Geotropism is a type of tropism where plants show some growth in response to gravity. Roots growing downwards is an example of geotropism.
- C. Chemotropism is the movement of plants in response to a chemical stimulus. A classic example of this type of movement is the growth of the pollen tube towards the ovule, during fertilization, in a flower.
- D. One important light response in plants is phototropism, which involves growth toward—or away from—a light source. Positive phototropism is growth towards a light source; negative phototropism is growth away from light.
Q10. The corpus luteum is formed at the site of _
- A. Fertilization
- B. Ovulation✓
- C. Menstruation
- D. Implantation
Explanation: Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
- C. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
- D. Corpus luteum, yellow hormone-secreting body in the female reproductive system. It is formed in an ovary at the site of a follicle, or sac, that has matured and released its ovum, or egg, in the process known as ovulation.
Q11. Genes located on the same chromosome and inheriting together are said to be _.
- A. Crossed
- B. Dominant
- C. Recessive
- D. Linked✓
Explanation: When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked. That means the alleles, or gene versions, already together on one chromosome will be inherited as a unit more frequently than not.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked. That means the alleles, or gene versions, already together on one chromosome will be inherited as a unit more frequently than not.
- B. When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked. That means the alleles, or gene versions, already together on one chromosome will be inherited as a unit more frequently than not.
- C. When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are said to be linked. That means the alleles, or gene versions, already together on one chromosome will be inherited as a unit more frequently than not.
Q12. Genotypes R1R2 of 4 O'clock plan produces _ colour flowers.
- A. Red
- B. White
- C. Pink✓
- D. Yellow
Explanation: The allele for red flower color (R1) in a certain plant shows incomplete dominance with the allele for white flowers (R2). Thus, a plant with the genotype R1R2 has pink flowers.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The allele for red flower color (R1) in a certain plant shows incomplete dominance with the allele for white flowers (R2). Thus, a plant with the genotype R1R2 has pink flowers.
- B. The allele for red flower color (R1) in a certain plant shows incomplete dominance with the allele for white flowers (R2). Thus, a plant with the genotype R1R2 has pink flowers.
- D. The allele for red flower color (R1) in a certain plant shows incomplete dominance with the allele for white flowers (R2). Thus, a plant with the genotype R1R2 has pink flowers.
Q13. Hyponatremia is _
- A. Low blood sodium✓
- B. Pus
- C. Abscess
- D. Purulent
Explanation: Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. In many cases, too much water in your body dilutes sodium levels. It's also possible to lose too much sodium.
Why the other options are wrong
- B. Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. In many cases, too much water in your body dilutes sodium levels. It's also possible to lose too much sodium.
- C. Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. In many cases, too much water in your body dilutes sodium levels. It's also possible to lose too much sodium.
- D. Hyponatremia is a condition where sodium levels in your blood are lower than normal. In many cases, too much water in your body dilutes sodium levels. It's also possible to lose too much sodium.
Q14. Urine leaves the body from the bladder through a duct called _
- A. Ureter
- B. Urethra✓
- C. Vasa recta
- D. Hilus
Explanation: Urethra. This tube allows urine to pass outside the body. The brain signals the bladder muscles to tighten, which squeezes urine out of the bladder. At the same time, the brain signals the sphincter muscles to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
- C. The vasa recta, the capillary networks that supply blood to the medulla, are highly permeable to solute and water. As with the loop of Henle, the vasa recta form a parallel set of hairpin loops within the medulla
- D. A deep vertical cleft, the hilus, which leads to a cavity within the kidney known as the renal (kidney) sinus. The hilus is the point of entry and exit of the renal arteries and veins, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and the enlarged upper extension of the ureters.
Q15. The left lung of a human is smaller in size because of the asymmetrical position of _.
- A. Liver
- B. Trachea
- C. Heart✓
- D. Intestines
Explanation: Your left lung is smaller than the right because your heart is where the middle lobe on your left lung would be. Your left lung has two parts that your right lung doesn't have: the cardiac notch (where your heart fits) and the lingula, an extension of the superior lobe.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Your left lung is smaller than the right because your heart is where the middle lobe on your left lung would be. Your left lung has two parts that your right lung doesn't have: the cardiac notch (where your heart fits) and the lingula, an extension of the superior lobe.
- B. Your left lung is smaller than the right because your heart is where the middle lobe on your left lung would be. Your left lung has two parts that your right lung doesn't have: the cardiac notch (where your heart fits) and the lingula, an extension of the superior lobe.
- D. Your left lung is smaller than the right because your heart is where the middle lobe on your left lung would be. Your left lung has two parts that your right lung doesn't have: the cardiac notch (where your heart fits) and the lingula, an extension of the superior lobe.
Q16. How many unpaired bones are found in cranium?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4✓
- D. 8
Explanation: The cranium comprises eight bones, including the paired temporal and parietal bones and the unpaired occipital, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The cranium comprises eight bones, including the paired temporal and parietal bones and the unpaired occipital, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
- B. The cranium comprises eight bones, including the paired temporal and parietal bones and the unpaired occipital, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
- D. The cranium comprises eight bones, including the paired temporal and parietal bones and the unpaired occipital, frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
Q17. Which skeletal muscles are arranged in branching pattern?
- A. Skeletal muscles
- B. Cardiac muscles✓
- C. Smooth muscles
- D. Sphincter muscles
Explanation: Cardiac muscle cells form a highly branched cellular network in the heart. They are connected end to end by intercalated disks and are organized into layers of myocardial tissue that are wrapped around the chambers of the heart.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Skeletal muscle is one of the three significant muscle tissues in the human body. Each skeletal muscle consists of thousands of muscle fibers wrapped together by connective tissue sheaths. The individual bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle are known as fasciculi.
- C. Smooth muscle is found throughout the body where it serves a variety of functions. It is in the stomach and intestines where it helps with digestion and nutrient collection. It is found throughout the urinary system where it functions to help rid the body of toxins and works in electrolyte balance.
- D. A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. Sphincters are found in many animals.
Q18. _ bring nerve impulses toward the soma of the neuron.
- A. Axon
- B. Schwan cell
- C. Dendrite✓
- D. Axon terminals
Explanation: Some axons are covered with a fatty substance known as the myelin sheath, which surrounds the axon, acting as an insulator and allowing faster transmission of the electrical signal. The dendrite is a treelike extension that receives information from other neurons and transmits electrical stimulation to the soma.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Some axons are covered with a fatty substance known as the myelin sheath, which surrounds the axon, acting as an insulator and allowing faster transmission of the electrical signal. The dendrite is a treelike extension that receives information from other neurons and transmits electrical stimulation to the soma.
- B. Some axons are covered with a fatty substance known as the myelin sheath, which surrounds the axon, acting as an insulator and allowing faster transmission of the electrical signal. The dendrite is a treelike extension that receives information from other neurons and transmits electrical stimulation to the soma.
- D. Some axons are covered with a fatty substance known as the myelin sheath, which surrounds the axon, acting as an insulator and allowing faster transmission of the electrical signal. The dendrite is a treelike extension that receives information from other neurons and transmits electrical stimulation to the soma.
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