Punjab Biology 2016 — Solved MCQs

Question 1

Any group of inter-breeding organisms of the same species that exist together in both time and space is called:

Accepted Answer

B. Population — A population is a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species that live in the same area and can interbreed. Populations are defined by their geographic boundaries and can vary in size.

Question 2

Green color blindness is called:

Accepted Answer

B. Dueteronopia — Deuteranopia is another form of color blindness where individuals have difficulty distinguishing between red and green colors due to a lack of functioning green cones in the retina.

Question 3

Alfred Wallace developed a theory of natural selection essentially identical to:

Accepted Answer

B. Darwins — The theory of natural selection developed by Darwin is essentially identical to the theory proposed by Alfred Wallace. Both Darwin and Wallace independently formulated the concept of natural selection to explain the diversity of life on Earth, with Darwin publishing his ideas first in "On the Origin of Species" in 1859 and Wallace presenting similar ideas shortly afterward.

Question 4

In Sindh the desert ecosystem is called:

Accepted Answer

A. Thar — Thar Desert is located in the southern part of Sindh province in Pakistan. It is one of the largest deserts in the Indian subcontinent.

Question 5

The animal that is caught and eaten is called:

Accepted Answer

B. Prey — Prey refers to the animal that is hunted, killed, and eaten by another animal, known as the predator. In this context, the prey is the animal that is caught and eaten.

Question 6

Ozone Molecule is made up by binding of three atoms of:

Accepted Answer

C. Oxygen — The ozone molecule is made up of three atoms of oxygen (O).

Question 7

The protection of the internal environment from the harms of the fluctuation in the external environment is termed as:

Accepted Answer

D. Homeostasis — Homeostasis refers to the overall stability and balance maintained by living organisms in their internal environment despite external fluctuations. It involves regulating various physiological parameters such as temperature, pH, blood sugar levels, and fluid balance within narrow ranges compatible with life. Homeostasis ensures that cells, tissues, and organs function optimally and adapt to changes in the external environment to maintain overall health and well-being.

Question 8

Animals of the group of flat worms have a simple tubular excretory system called:

Accepted Answer

D. Protonephridium — Protonephridia are the simple excretory structures found in flatworms, such as planarians. They consist of flame cells (or protonephridial tubules) connected to ducts that remove excess water and waste products from the body cavity and release them outside through pores. Protonephridia play a role in osmoregulation and the removal of metabolic wastes in flatworms.

Question 9

Seven vertebrae which lie in the neck region are called:

Accepted Answer

D. Cervical region — The cervical region refers to the upper part of the vertebral column, specifically the region corresponding to the neck. It contains seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), which are smaller and more flexible compared to other vertebrae to allow for a wide range of motion in the neck. The cervical region supports the head and facilitates movements such as nodding, rotation, and tilting of the head.

Question 10

The joint that allows the movements in two directions is called:

Accepted Answer

C. Hinge joints — The joint allows the movements in two directions. These are at the elbow and knee. At these joints, a pair of muscles are arranged in the same plane as that of joints. One end of each muscle, the origin is fixed to the immovable bone on one side of the joint, and the other end of the muscles, the insertion is attached to the far side of the joint.

Question 11

The processes conducting impulses away from the body are called:

Accepted Answer

D. Axon — The axon is the long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body towards other neurons, muscles, or glands. So, the correct answer is the axon.

Question 12

The end or complete stop of the menstrual cycle is called:

Accepted Answer

A. Menopause — This is the correct answer. Menopause is the natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles. It typically occurs in women in their late 40s or early 50s and is characterized by the cessation of menstrual periods for at least 12 consecutive months.

Question 13

The animals that lay shelled eggs to protect the developing embryo from harsh terrestrial conditions are called:

Accepted Answer

A. Oviparous — This term refers to animals that lay eggs, which hatch outside the mother's body. The eggs have a protective shell that provides a safe environment for the embryo to develop until it's ready to hatch. Examples of oviparous animals include birds, reptiles (such as turtles and snakes), and most fish.

Question 14

Immediately after fertilization, the egg undergoes a series of mitotic divisions called:

Accepted Answer

C. Cleavage — Cleavage refers to the rapid series of mitotic divisions that occur in the early stages of embryonic development just after fertilization. These divisions result in the formation of a blastula, which is a hollow ball of cells. Cleavage divisions do not increase the overall size of the embryo but instead increase the number of cells.

Question 15

DNA was discovered in:

Accepted Answer

A. 1869 — A German Chemist, Friedrich Miescher, discovered DNA in 1869, only four years after Mendel’s work was published.

Question 16

The period of life cycle of cells between two consecutive divisions is termed as:

Accepted Answer

B. Interphase — This is the period between two consecutive cell divisions. It's the longest phase of the cell cycle and is divided into three subphases: G1 (first gap), S (synthesis), and G2 (second gap). Interphase is when the cell grows, carries out metabolic activities, and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell division.

Question 17

Synapses take place in

Accepted Answer

B. Zygotene — Synapses occur during the prophase of meiosis I, specifically in the substage called "zygotene." During zygotene, homologous chromosomes pair up and form structures called synaptonemal complexes, which facilitate the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes through a process called crossing over.

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