Punjab Biology 2018 Paper 2 — Solved MCQs

Question 1

The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time is called the population's

Accepted Answer

A. Gene pool — The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time is called the population's "gene pool." This includes all the different alleles (alternative forms of genes) present in the population for each gene locus (specific location on a chromosome).

Question 2

Succession is a kind of

Accepted Answer

A. Community relay — Succession is a kind of “community relay” in which assemblages of plants and animals replace the earlier ones in a sequence that is at least somewhat predictable.

Question 3

Grassland present in temperate climates are called as

Accepted Answer

B. Prairies — Grassland present in temperate climates are also called Prairies, such as Prairies of North America, Pampas of Argentina. These grasslands do not have woody plants so they are known as Prairies.

Question 4

Establishment of new forests where no forests existed previously is called

Accepted Answer

B. Afforestation — The establishment of new forests where none existed previously is a process called "afforestation." Afforestation involves the planting of trees and other vegetation on land that has not historically been forested, such as degraded or barren land, agricultural fields, or urban areas.

Question 5

Stomata are on the lower surface of leaves and located in depression in a type of plant

Accepted Answer

B. Xerophyte — Xerophytes have the adaptations for reduced rate of transpiration. Stomata are on lower surface of leaves and located in depression. Many xerophytes possess small, thick leaves to limit water loss by reducing surface area proportional to the volume. Their cuticle is thick, waxy and leathery.

Question 6

Minimum water is required for removal of wastes like

Accepted Answer

B. Uric acid — Uric acid requires less water to be removed from body. This is because uric acid is less soluble in water and is excreted by animals as a semisolid paste or powder, particularly by species adapted to arid environments or those with limited access to water, such as reptiles (including birds) and insects.

Question 7

Mammals walk on the tips of toes modified into the hoof are called

Accepted Answer

C. Unguligrade — Mammals that walk on the tips of toes modified into hooves are called "unguligrade." This group includes animals such as horses, cattle, deer, giraffes, and many others. Hooves provide support and protection for these animals, allowing them to move efficiently across various terrains.

Question 8

Slightly elastic connective tissues that attach bone to bone are called

Accepted Answer

D. Ligaments — Slightly elastic connective tissues that attach bone to bone are called "ligaments." Ligaments are tough, fibrous bands composed mainly of collagen fibers, which provide strength and stability to joints by connecting bones and preventing excessive movement or dislocation.

Question 9

Fruit ripening is often accompanied by a burst of respiratory activity called

Accepted Answer

A. Climacteric — Fruit ripening is often accompanied by a burst of respiratory activity called the climacteric. This is associated with ethane production, which helps in ripening of the fruit.

Question 10

Corpus luteum starts secreting a hormone that is called

Accepted Answer

B. Progesterone — Corpus luteum (yellowish glandular structure) starts secreting hormone called progesterone. This hormone develops the endometrium and make it receptive for the implantation of the zygote.

Question 11

Phragmoplast is formed by vesicles which originate from

Accepted Answer

C. Golgi complex — The phragmoplast is formed during plant cell division and consists of vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus. These vesicles contain cell wall materials such as cellulose and other polysaccharides.

Question 12

During meiosis crossing over occurs in stage

Accepted Answer

D. Pachytene — During meiosis, crossing over occurs during Prophase I, specifically in the substage called "pachytene." This is when homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material, resulting in genetic recombination.

Question 13

The association of indifferent or situations without patent reward is called

Accepted Answer

A. Latent Learning — Latent learning is defined as the association of indifferent stimuli or situations without patent reward.

Question 14

Unspecialized cells present in flatworms and Planaria are

Accepted Answer

A. Neoblasts — Planaria and flatworms possess unspecialized cells called "neoblasts." These cells are multipotent stem cells capable of differentiating into various cell types, enabling regeneration and repair of tissues and organs in these organisms.

Question 15

Okazaki fragments are synthesized by

Accepted Answer

C. DNA polymerase III — Each Okazaki fragment is synthesized by DNA polymerase III in 5’ -> 3’ direction, beginning at the replication fork and moving away from it.

Question 16

Green colour blindness is called

Accepted Answer

C. Deuteranopia — Green color blindness is also called as deuteranopia is a type of color vision deficiency affecting the perception of green and red hues.

Question 17

Bacterial cells take up recombinant plasmid especially if they are treated with

Accepted Answer

C. Calcium chloride — Bacterial cells can be induced to take up recombinant plasmids, especially when they are treated with calcium chloride (CaCl2) .

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